What is omental infraction?

Omental infarction is a rare condition where there is a restriction of blood flow to the omentum, a large fold of fatty tissue that hangs down from the stomach. The blood flow blockage may occur either in a small artery or a vein. When the restricted blood supply to the omentum is cut, the affected tissue dies, leading to an infarction (tissue death due to deprivation of blood supply). This condition often appears suddenly with severe pain on the left side of the abdomen, fever, and vomiting.

The underlying cause of omental infarction is not entirely understood, but several factors such as obesity, trauma, and surgery are commonly associated with it. Diagnosis of omental infarction is usually made through a physical examination, imaging studies, and laboratory tests. Management of omental infarction often involves non-surgical therapy, such as rest, pain management, and anti-inflammatory medication.

Most cases of omental infarction are self-limiting and resolve without surgical intervention within two weeks. However, in severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected omentum. With timely management, most individuals with omental infarction have an excellent prognosis.